Image Credits
Diagrams
The culvert cross-section and the driveway section (files starting with diagram-) are drawn by Kaufman Culvert for this site. Figures on them come from the ADS Drainage Handbook (minimum cover over pipe under traffic) and the FHWA Gravel Roads Construction and Maintenance Guide. They are not to scale and are not a design for any particular property.
Photographs
The page banner photographs (excavators and earthwork) are royalty-free photographs used to illustrate the topic. They do not show a job done through this site or a specific Kaufman County property.
Free-licensed photographs
These are used under Creative Commons licences or public domain status, as listed. None of them shows a job done through this site.
| File | What it shows | Photographer | Licence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gravel-drive-lawn.webp | A long gravel driveway running between mowed lawns and shade trees | Famartin | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| motor-grader.webp | A yellow motor grader blading a dirt road | U.S. Department of Agriculture | CC0 |
| cmp-pipe-sections.webp | Sections of galvanized corrugated steel pipe laid out on a dirt work site | Rept0n1x | CC BY-SA 2.0 |
| pipe-on-stone-bedding.webp | A pipe laid in a narrow trench on a bed of crushed stone | MTA Capital Construction Mega Projects | CC BY 2.0 |
| cracked-clay.webp | Dry gray ground split into plates by shrinkage cracks | Jonathan Desrosiers | CC0 |
CC0 and public domain need no attribution; CC BY requires it; CC BY-SA requires it and passes the same licence on. Images are resized and converted to WebP, nothing else is changed. If a credit is wrong or you would like an image removed, use the contact page.